Haskell TYPES

 Haskell types:

                           One of Haskell's most potent and distinctive characteristics is its type system. Fundamentally, by identifying numerous mistakes during compilation rather than at runtime, it helps guarantee that programs operate as intended. There is a type for each variable and function in Haskell code. These kinds, which may include basic types like Int for integers, Bool for Boolean values, or Char for single characters, specify the type of data you are working with. Additionally, Haskell has more sophisticated types such as tuples ((Int, String) for a pair of an integer and a string) and lists ([Int] for a list of integers). Because the type system is robust and static—that is, types are verified during compilation—you cannot inadvertently mix up incompatible types, which significantly lowers 

Fundamental Data:

                                Using the data keyword, Haskell lets you define your own types in addition to the fundamental ones. This enables you to model your issue domain in a manner that is consistent with concepts found in the actual world. For instance, you would build a custom type like data Shape = Circle Float | Rectangle Float Float if you were writing software to track various shapes.

Each constructor (such as Circle or Rectangle) represents a distinct version of the type Shape; this is known as an algebraic data type. Combining these custom types with pattern matching, which enables you to handle each version of a type in a clear, readable manner, makes it simpler to develop code that is organized and understandable. 

                  Type classes, which resemble interfaces in other languages to some extent, are another important idea in Haskell's type system. Any type that wishes to be an instance of a type class must implement a set of functions defined by the type class. For example, types that can be converted to a string belong to the Show type class, whereas types that can be compared for equality belong to the Eq type class. You can create instances of these classes in your custom types so they can be printed or take part in equality checks. With more sophisticated type classes like Functor, Applicative, and Monad, you can deal consistently with abstract computational structures.

Lightweight Form:

                                  Types serve as a lightweight form of formal verification in practical Haskell programming, in addition to being a means of data organization. You may be sure that several types of problems (such as accessing fields that don't exist or providing incorrect data) won't happen during runtime when a program compiles. Haskell's type system adapts to your applications' increasing complexity while preserving clarity and safety. Although it may appear rigid at first, most Haskell developers eventually learn to rely on types as dependable manuals that aid in creating dependable, elegant, and manageable code.